I didn't grasp how a vacuum would increase the absorption, so I looked into the process for stabilizing wood. The vacuum removes air from the pores and voids in the submerged wood. It's after the vacuum is removed that the submerged wood more readily absorbs the liquid resin (at normal atmospheric pressure). The wood then needs to be baked to harden the resin (for the process I read about, at least).
I thought it was interesting because I work with sintered bearing manufacturers (for now) and they do the whole process almost identical. Sintered bearings are made of metal powder mixtures compressed to fuse together with micro voids designed to absorb and retain lubricants. The commercial stabilizers may even use some of the same machinery but who knows? We measure the precise weight of the bearing before and after treatment knowing the porosity of the material and can actually calculate the volume absorbed according to the known density of the fluid. Thats part of our quality control process.
our process for filling fluids into a porosity (sp. bearings):
1. Introduce to vacuum and pull down to specified value for specified time.
2. Introduce fluid to completely cover porous media (bearings) while maintaining vacuum for specified time
3. When vacuum is released the porous media will absorb the fluid since it completely surrounds the media.
4. Release vacuum and apply pressure while media is completely submerged for specified amount of time.
5. Release pressure and drain fluid. I suppose this is where you would bake to cure the material in place if you were stabilizing wood.
The times vary depending on material, type of fluid, temp, etc. Various mixes of fluids are used depending on nature of porosity and operating conditions ( high temp high speed etc. so many variations.
Im thinking this process has to be very similar to stabilizing wood and is proven technology and precisely controlled. Many manufacturers will not tell you exactly how they do it as it is their proprietary secret. I think Bawanna is right that these guys have done a lot of trial and error and have the market to themselves because of this accumulated knowledge and experience but I do think it is possible for someone to achieve satisfactory results say if you just stick to satisal wood. Much like working with 5160 steel knowing how to forge, quench, temper, etc. before you move to another type of steel. I suspect the learning curve would be extensive to start your own company for example. Id try it at home but commercially...nope!