Chopping is inherently hard on thin edges. Even if you get a tough steel (resistant to chipping) you can get serious rolls. Wood grain can change directions, especially around knots, but also if the grain swirls. Those grain changes can put lateral pressure on part of the blade while the rest of the blade is moving in a different direction, leading to large blade rolls (not just edge rolls). Wood can also hide old, hard branches that will seriously damage thin edges.
What you need is a steel with a good balance of toughness and strength (resistance to rolling), proper technique and a little luck. I've chipped pack axe edges by hitting knots.
For insurance against damage, geometry is your best friend. How much geometry you need depends on how hard you're using the blade.