Elmax or D2?

I suspect, Elmax has higher(relatively) toughness and lower hardness by designed. It favors M23C6 over MC & M7C3. They figured that in normal usage, edge loss either in form of tear/deform and wear. aahh but the wear is mostly matrix wear, so why decorate with extra hard carbide when lower temp carbide and plenty of Si (for fine grain) are more beneficial for intended use. If one wants more MC, get M390/20V/204P instead.

So you're saying that if a steel is left at at lower hardnesses then having carbides like vanadium is basically a waste? That softer carbides like tungsten and chromium would be more beneficial? If the steel matrix is harder then higher volumes of hard carbides makes more sense?

I know that S60V wasn't all that great left soft and it was loaded with vanadium, to the point it COULDN'T be taken past, what, 56 RC or so, without becoming super brittle.

What would be the lowest hardness you'd use for something like A11?
 
Bluntcut,

Thank you for sharing the insight .. Since OP was looking for razor folder (I am on the same quest), perhapd BCMW will start doing reblade? :p :D
 
There are certainly better steels available today, but D2 is still a fine steel. I doubt many people have used a D2 knife for a task and been unsuccessful or unable to complete their task because the D2 knife performed so poorly. Better steels aside, I certainly wouldn't--and haven't--turn down a great knife because it has a D2.
 
Thanks Chris! Where do I sign up for a blade that super keen; strong; tough; easy to sharpen and might as well be corrosion resistant too:rolleyes: otoh, I sure will brag about it when perfect my ht such steels:p Aebl at 64rc is quite spooky good for a stainless, cts-xhp at 65+rc is also cool but I need to take a few micrographs to make sure its primary carbides are sub micron, otherwise DQ. Both steels at high hardness are a bit of a challenge to sharpen.

Chris "Anagarika";15527667 said:
Bluntcut,

Thank you for sharing the insight .. Since OP was looking for razor folder (I am on the same quest), perhapd BCMW will start doing reblade? :p :D

Optimal configuration of matrix+MxCy - where matrix is strong and elastic (analogous to say ligament) to hold onto MxCy (teeth/bone). Consider edge interactions:

1. Matrix against foreign force+wear+etc: you would want as strong and elastic as possible. That actually would minimized wear - elasticity/bending will increase contact surface, direct translate to lower contact pressure. Fracture and plastic flow (ductility) are simply destructive, hence minimize these 2.

2. MxCy against foreign force+wear+etc: Interfaces with the matrix is the weak point of this system. Particle(MxCy) wear won't be a problem, since foreign materials mostly consist of abrasive that softer than CrC, WC, VC, NbC and other nitride particle. Note - I exclude FeC/cementite. So matrix elasticity at and around the interface is most critical to absorb the impact energy. Because forces concentrate & propagate at the interface, so overly rigid or soft matrix will fracture or plastic flow - both are bad. Clarify - Plastic flow is bad on subsequent movement because the matrix is already compressed (work hardened), which might fracture or crater out. Now, for certain tasks and sufficient carbide density to shield matrix from wear, which would extend edge retention.

The short answer is to craft a super strong and highly elastic matrix, then uniformly distribute appropriate particle density & size & type for intended tasks. But then we might have to compromise a bit to gain corrosion resistant and or ease of sharpening (talking about cheapo AlO stone here).

A11/10V is all about wear resistant (not impact resistant), so yeah - I would leverage its most important attribute by ht no less than 62rc.

So you're saying that if a steel is left at at lower hardnesses then having carbides like vanadium is basically a waste? That softer carbides like tungsten and chromium would be more beneficial? If the steel matrix is harder then higher volumes of hard carbides makes more sense?

I know that S60V wasn't all that great left soft and it was loaded with vanadium, to the point it COULDN'T be taken past, what, 56 RC or so, without becoming super brittle.

What would be the lowest hardness you'd use for something like A11?
 
Carpenter's CTS-XHP (powder D2) is pretty impressive.

Xhp and (powder) d2 are not the same thing... Even small differences in metallurgy can make significant differences, so despite any similarities, they are completely Different beasts...
(For starters, xhp is stainless, with 4% more chromium and added nickel; carbon, vanadium, molybednum levels are different as well.)
 
After have had some thought about my hardness(rockwell C scale) recommendation & comments above. Below is my conjecture & extrapolations from experience, i.e. no formal science data, thus make sense for you to be critical & cynical with my hand-waving yak.

Noting - carbide size & volume can increase/affect the hardness reading from minimal up to 10+ points. Aebl at 65rc (which is the max rc with my ht), its ~2.3%Cr7C3 probably contributes about 1 point. Let's extrapolate(to simplify this discussion) that in absence of carbide, a max matrix hardness is 64rc for steels with total alloy element percentage at least or greater than aebl.

Take 10V/A11 as an example and split(by guessing) hardness number into matrix_plus and carbide numbers.
* 50-59 = 49-57 + 1-2
* 60-62 = 57.5-59 + 2.5-3
* 63-67 = 60-62 + 3-5

I think, hardness of 10V matrix probably max out at 62-62.5 because of retained austenite at low temper temperature(~350-400F) or carbon leaked (i.e. carbide precipitation) from high tempering temperature (~980-1020F).

In the extreme case of 73rc rex121, I suspect its matrix hardness below 60.
 
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