Mineral oil Quenchant

fitzo

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Just so people know:

"Mineral Oil" is a generic term. Just like with "Motor Oil" there are a large variety of formulations for different purposes. For one example, it can be thicker or thinner depending on what cuts from the petroleum refining process are mixed together. It will have a wide range of variation depending on what type of crude oil it came from. Depending on what you have, it will make a big difference in how your blades end up quenching.

"Veterinary Grade" and "Food Grade" is a broad classification of different mineral oil cuts that has a lot to do with low toxicity and cleanliness. Vet and food industry suppliers offer a whole variety of mineral oils, too, if you look. It has uses from making cupcakes come out of pans easily at the bakery to baby oil to laxative for animals and people. Those are all different grades. All mineral oil is not created equal, on purpose.

Some people claim that "most quench oils are nothing but 'mineral oil'". This is true. However, what separates the quench oils from baby oil or the stuff to make a horse crap is that the cooling oils have been made by mixing very specific petroleum cuts in strictly controlled proportions to get desired properties for cooling. They are very carefully controlled to meet certain desired conditions. One may cool fast to a certain point and then slow down. Another may cool a little slower initially but continue to cool faster a little longer. It is very much a science and the formulations are very scientifically determined and controlled. There is a lot of research goes into this.

Thus, when you read that "Parks 50" does so-and-so, no matter where you get Parks 50 it will do the same. However, when a guy tells you "Vet Grade Mineral Oil", you have no idea whether yours will do the same as his, because it has not been formulated for cooling properties and will have much different characteristics from manufacturer-to-manufacturer and maybe even batch to batch. If it has been selected for making horse $hit, then that is what it's for, and what you may end up with if you use it to quench.

I have also read, "Quench oil is 99.5% mineral oil and hardly anything else but a little flame retardant and surfactants". Well, those surfactants are what keeps bubbles from sticking to your blade and forming a vapor jacket that retards cooling. I might point out that there are a whole lot of things that comprise less than 0.5% of the human body that, when removed, spell death.

Now, I am quite to the point where I don't give a crap who uses what. I offer this info for those who don't have deaf ears, so they may stop and think. Sometimes "Vet Grade Mineral Oil" you get at the feed store is going to work great. By accident, not by design. Go over to the farm supply and theirs just says "Vet Grade Mineral Oil" too, but it's altogether different.

An analogy: Guy1 tells Guy 2, "Oh, I washed those tar spots off my car with 'solvent'! Worked great." Guy 1 has used mineral spirits but just says "solvent". Guy 2 goes home to clean the tar off his car and the only 'solvent' he has is methyl ethyl ketone. Boy is he pissed when the paint comes off with the tar. Still, both are "solvents".

Food for thought. Rant off.

.
 
alright. good explination. i like than one Mike.
just another thing for people messing with quenchants to look into, and check off the list
 
Methinks we came across the same thread, Fitz... I almost posted a query back:

The statement I encountered on another forum was that all quenching oils are 99.5% mineral oil, and that the other .5% was "nothing more than flame retarders and sulficants (wetting agents)."

Well, after all, how much impact can .5% have on something, right?

Consider this: if we remove .5% Carbon from 1050 steel, you have iron, it is no longer steel!
 
Here's a small chemistry lesson:

Petroleum is, for the most part, a class of compounds called "hydrocarbons". They are composed of hydrogen and carbon. Carbon has the special ability to be able to bond to itself over and over.

Mineral oils are essentially mixes of 15-40 carbons (C). That means it may combine like this -C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C- or like this
C-C-C-C-C-C
C____C____C
C-C-C-C-C-C into things that look like rings.

So, get yourself a big pile of tinkertoys, and make every possible combination between 15 and 40 round "carbons" hooked together by their stick "bonds". Then make a big pile of each. Each pile will have different physical properties. It's a staggering number of piles. (Side note: chemists actually have their own set of tinertoys called "molecular models". They actually "build" models of the molecules to see how they look and how they can interact. Nowadays it's mostly done with computer drawings, but I would bet you can still buy the tinkertoy ones.)

Now figure out how many different combos you could get by mixing different amounts out of each pile. If they were real compounds, some might be baby oil thin, while another may be vaseline thick, while another yet is hard like parrafin wax. All are essentially different varieties of "mineral oil."

Each one of those different mixes is going to absorb energy and transmit it to the next molecule in the mix in a different way. Petroleum scientists make their salaries by figuring out how to mix them up to get just the properties they want.

That's why some mixes are better than others for quench oil, and it can be "purpose-mixed". Much the same thinking as why you don't put 90 weight gear oil in your engine or gasoline in the differential. Why not? After all, they're all just "petroleum."
 
*beep beep beep*

NERD ALERT, NERD ALERT

*beep beep beep*


HAHAHAHA!;) :D

Just josh'n 'ya my friend. This is a GREAT post that is some very good food for thought. I hope that people really take it for what it's worth (and that's a lot!)

Thanks Mr. Fitzo :cool:
-Nick-
 
*beep beep beep*

NERD ALERT, NERD ALERT

*beep beep beep*

-Nick-

Nick, Nanc and I actually laff about this, wondering just where I fall in. We have it on good authortiy from my niece and nephew that I am "very definitely a geek, often a nerd, but not a dork".

I guess that's ok. :D Mostly, Nanc just says I'm an AH.
 
Just as a little note to add here.

I believe in nailing down as many variables in your heat-treating as possible.

This is why I have a digitally controlled salt bath for austenitizing, a Paragon heat-treat oven, and quench tanks with heating elements to quickly get the quenchant to the temp I want.

With my salt bath I have VERY accurate temp control. I buy steel in 500-1000 lb. lots so I know it's all the same melt. As soon as I went from using "Vet Grade Mineral Oil" to Park's #50, AAA, and Tough Quench quenchants I noticed a BIG difference in my final results.

Even if you DON'T have a digitally controlled anything in your shop... getting the quenchant variable nailed down will greatly improve your results.

-Nick-

ps- Mike, you have to be the coolest nerd I know! ;)
 
Good comparisons,Mike!!! :thumbup: :thumbup:

As Mr.Cashen might say...Everyone may have an opinion but there's only one set of facts! :)

Anybody know if companies are messing around with synthetic quenchants? So much research has gone into motor oils,seems like they could formulate EXACTLY what you want?!?! :confused: :rolleyes:
 
After my very gross oversimplification of quenchant chemistry, I went a-googling and found a very geeky academic thesis about quench oils, for any who might want to see just how complex it can get:

http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-0823102-180115/unrestricted/ma.pdf

Dewey, oils can be synthesized from simple compounds like Methane and CO2. So, theoretically, it's possible, and is even done in some instances today. However, given the abundance of petroleum raw materials, it is at present economically impractical, for the most part. Sort of like the idea that one can make water from hyrogen and oxygen, but why bother on a waterworld?

Even today's materials are often "synthetic", though, because processes like cracking, catalytic hydrogenation, yaddayadda are done to oil feedstocks to make one material from something less desirable. Petroleum chemistry so pervades our lives with plastics and chemicals that it is no wonder nations go to war over protecting their access to the crude materials. We don't often stop to realize that the micarta phenolics, the epoxy adhesives, and the resins that glue abrasive to belts are all petro derived, just to mention a few things in the knife shop, let alone the soles of our sneakers and the no-stink-goo we smear under our arms each day.
 
Nick, Nanc and I actually laff about this, wondering just where I fall in. We have it on good authortiy from my niece and nephew that I am "very definitely a geek, often a nerd, but not a dork".

I guess that's ok. :D Mostly, Nanc just says I'm an AH.

I didn't know they let geeks/nerds into tattoo shops. :confused:

What kind of tattoo would a true geek/nerd get anyway?

I can just see an older nerd with a slightly shriveled tat of an IBM 486 inside a heart with an arrow through it or something on his forearm.

----maybe some equation that infers something raunchy.
 
You have a way with words my friend, thanks to your great analogies I actually understand what you said ;) Thanks :)
 
So is olive oil OK????:D :D :D

Might work fine, Louis! Beats me. :) Makes for better veal scalopini, that I know. :D

I wonder how a fine Italian chef would respond, though, if someone told him,
"Nah, I just use the cheapest oil I can find at the store. Type doesn't matter. After all, it's only fat to brown the meat in."

Thank you, Louis, your joke made me think about this, and repeat my intended purpose of only trying to clarify a couple misimpressions that may have arisen elsewhere.

I'm really not bashing anyone's methodology; that's their business. I'm not the Knife Police. I'm just promoting a desire for good understanding and making informed decisions.

Sir Francis Bacon said, "Knowledge is Power", in 1597.

I would much rather see people read that link I posted than pay attention to anything I've written on this thread.
 
Excellent post Fitzo. As you may have noticed, I tried to bring some sanity to the thread you alluded to. I was going to make the point that it only takes a tiny amount of carbon to make steel steel. Then I noticed that I was arguing with someone on his own forum, so I politely gave up. Boy, do I wish you had chimed in there with the facts you cited. :D
 
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