I have always had a mild infatuation with this knife, can you please explain your above statement ? Thanks.
upnorth - my apologies for not replying sooner. I kinda let this thread drop down my screen.
First, identification of the knife in question - The "Marine Raider Bowie" of the 2nd Marine Raider Battalion during the "Battle of Guadalcanal" was the Legitimus Collins #18 Machete Pequeno, or "Little Machete" in English. The knives were not available through the Navy Supply System (they were USAAC only) and so were a unit purchase using battalion funds. The 2MRBn was the ONLY raider unit to use the knives.
Myth #1 - Many of the knives purported to be MRBn Bowie knives are horn handled #18s.
Few, if any, of the "real" MRBn Bowies had horn handles. Collins had quit importing horn in 1936 and had begun using black plastic bakelite material for handles. If the Marines ordered the knives directly from Collins in 1942 (2MRBn was formed in Feb 1942), the odds that Collins would have had 1000 horn handled #18s lying around gathering dust is nearly non-existent. Horn handled #18s were still in the
ARMY supply system as part of the M1939 Jungle Survival Kits on USAAC aircraft flying in Central and South America (at least until the B2 kit came out in 1942).
Myth #2 - Real MRBn Bowies, while "rare", have been available occasionally for purchase.
I suppose a very few made it back to the states, but I doubt the number exceeded double digits. Heck, Id be surprised if the numbers brought back made double digits. Id be willing to bet that most of the Collins we see for sale on fleabay were never even in the AAC/AAF. Remember, Collins was making them with horn handles until 1936 and then plastic handles through the war, for the CIVILIAN market as well the AAF. Western and CASE XX versions were only made during the war for the military.
Assuming 133 men per company (the complement of Carlson's Raider Battalion companies) and 6 companies per Battalion, that would be just under 800 men in the battalion.
The machetes pequenos were issued shortly before deployment to Guadalcanal (according to a letter from the Raiders Association to M.H. Cole for inclusion in his book).
According to a veteran of Guadalcanal, when the 2MRBn was removed from Guadalcanal, very few of the Bowies remained in use. The poor quality leather sheaths fell apart in the rain, mud, high humidity conditions and the knives lost. It can also be assumed that some of the equipment of wounded Marines was stripped and left behind while tending the wounded. Carter Rila, a well-known military knife specialist once interviewed a Guadalcanal 2MRBn survivor who stated that the few remaining Bowies were turned in and replaced with Kabars (1219C2s), which had become available by the time the 2nd redeployed..
At Guadalcanal, many of the companies had suffered extreme levels of casualties and were below platoon strength. Example - Companies C & F landed with 266 officers and men - They left with 57 total.
So between operational losses, casualty losses and failed sheath losses, the quoted veteran was probably accurate in very few were left to turn in. Most of the few, turned-in knives probably never left Espiritu Santo Island, where the 2MRBn retired after Guadalcanal.
The next myth is that the model # of the MRB was V44 as in The V44 Marine Raider Bowie. Again, the initial brand and model was Legitimus Collins #18 Machete Pequeno.
2 additional companies made clones of the #18. Case XX and Western Cutlery made them for the USAAF up until 1942 when the 1939 Jungle Emergency Kit was replaced by the improved 1942 B2 Jungle Emergency Sustenance Kit and later the 1943 B4 Universal E.S.K., which were both equipped with the folding machete. Somewhere along the way, Kinfolks made some clones of the #18. Case did not have a an internal model number for it. Western assigned the model number and model name of Bx54 Bushman.
The V44 designation comes from Mr. Coles book. He listed the Horn handled and the plastic handled Collins as Type 1, and similarly plastic handled Case XX, Western Bx54, and no name/number Kinfolks as Types 2,3, and 4.
The fifth knife listed by Mr. Cole was the Type 5, a Case XX non-folding machete that was the same size as the Case XX, Cattaraugus, Camillus, and Imperial folding machetes used in the B2 and B4 ESKs. This short-lived machete was made in 1944 for the US Navy Aircrew Survival Kits and had the CASE XX INTERNALLY assigned model number of V44.
So I guess my bitch is people ::
calling them V44s when they arent,
calling them Marine Raider Bowies, when they arent (especially CASE XX, Western Bx54s and horn handled Collinses and almost virtually ALL plastic handled Collinses).
To the aircrews that flew with them and used them, they were Jungle knives. Yes, the Second Marine Raider Battalion used them for 1 battle, a famous, hard-fought and costly battle. No doubt about that. The 1219C2 was used by more men at more battles and for more tasks than the MRB ever was.