Great comments and discussion, guys.
Phil, you bring up something I've looked into a bit in the past, that being the hardness of different carbides vs. the hardness of sharpening media. I'm wondering if you can clarify this for me.
From various sources I've pulled in the following hardnesses:
Aluminum Oxide - 9.0 Mohs; Knoop hardness ~2100; Vickers ~2600
Silicon Carbide - 9.3 Mohs; Knoop hardness 2500-3000
Vanadium Carbide - Knoop hardness ~2900; Vickers 3200-3800
Chromium Carbide - Vickers ~1850
From what I've read, vanadium carbides are going to be the hardest carbides in a steel. Having sharpened a lot of blades with vanadium in the alloy without any problem or evidence under magnification of carbide tearing using India stones and fine ceramic, I take that probably as evidence that vanadium carbides are very small, at least if the heat treat is done properly.
As for other carbides in the steel, such as chromium carbide, it appears an India stone is harder and so there shouldn't be any concern sharpening on aluminum oxide media.
Is this understanding correct? Particularly reading comments here about taking S30V to a highly polished edge, I'm wondering if part of the difficulty I've had with this steel might have been due to the India stone tearing out large carbides ... and if what I think I know about carbide hardness/size is right (a big if), could this indicate something to the effect that I've just had the bad luck to have poorly heat treated S30V blades where large carbide aggregates, perhaps vanadium (is that even possible) were formed and wind up tearing out during sharpening?
Thanks for your feedback. Always ready and willing to learn, despite my sometimes appearing stubbornly stupid.
Dog of War,
I've noticed the same thing with polished S30V edges as you, but maybe in a different way. I've chipped out 28 degree edges cutting twine and 30+ degree edges cutting rosebushes and yet; with a 40+ degree polished edge that's 0.008" thick at shoulder; have had S30V cut through dirt, roots, and pebbles with no damage.
I think it was that poster in reply #4 (whose name I guess we're not mentioning for now

) who provided links to Landes's work indicating pretty much the same thing, appropriate "apex" angles for different classes of steels based on edge stability. Again my luck with S30V hasn't been so good, but VG-10 has been a really good example of this in my experience: the leap in fine edge retention going from a 17 deg./side microbevel to 20 deg/side has been pretty impressive in tests I've done. In fact it's easy to see why VG-10 is such a popular steel, as it seems to strike a very good balance IMO between edge stability and wear resistance, making it a good all-round choice.
Hi, DoW, I do remember that you used 12 deg a lot for a while, but I thought, you had gone lower since. For me it is a great deal of convenience. The lower the angle the more material you have to remove and it goes up unproportionally (at some time I even calculated it out, even posted it) and for someone without a belt grinder and none in the forseeable future it gets very tedious below 12 deg. per side. Only very few knives I have taken below ten, most notably a Pacific Salt because H1 is so easy to work. Initially I've always gone straight to 12 deg with no microbevel, but the lower the angle the harder I find I have to fight the burr. So now I go to 12 and add a microbevel, like you between 15-20 deg, and life is so much easier....and in the end the cutting ability is not that different. Though in the last year I have noticed that microbevels really seem to work much better if there is at least a 5 deg difference between primary and microbevel (3 deg is ok, but 5+ seem to work better).
Man ... just about everything you've said here fits exactly with my thoughts and experience, in fact I've commented about my lazy method of sharpening before on these forums. Interesting too that you've found that a 5 degree difference between the microbevel and the primary edge just works a whole lot slicker. And of course my Moras at ~10 deg/side from the factory are mostly the ones that get the 15 deg. microbevel (doesn't work so well on the non-laminate carbon blades, however.)
Somehow people got the impression I was part of the radical "darksider" camp, but not so. IMO with an EDC blade it's best to err on the side of toughness: I can always apply more force to make a cut if needed, and in the long run that's a better solution than having to remove serious blade damage or replace knives with broken blades.
You know, since we are a bit on the philosophical side at the moment: The whole quest for highly polished blades and lower and lower angles became less interesting to me one day while I was doing some threadcutting and tried to squeeze out the last gram of sharpness and suddenly it occured to me that without the scale there was no way I would be able to tell the difference. I think I've pulled out the scale only once, since. Since, I am trying to find the best working edge, and one that I can apply in the least amount of time. I still not satisfied with that, which is why I want to try those Crystalon stones. Btw. I have never had any problems with my waterstones not cutting S30V either, but then again, I don't know what abrasive is used in those fine japanese waterstones. Might very well be that they use SiC or a mixture of AlO and SiC in a resin binder.
The other wakeup call came while packing my stuff. Since they had to be shipped oversees I had to be very careful in tapeing my boxes shut and I used a fiber-reinforced packing tape (you can get it at any U-haul). This stuff is certain death to any knife edge, no surprise, you are cutting essentially glass. But the high carbide steels like S30V and ZDP-189 do seem to last a lot longer (meaning something like 30 cuts instead of 10), and they seem to cut better after the fine edge is lost (also no surprise there). This is such a mundane and "city-like" cutting application that I've begun to wonder, whether someone like Phil, testing on rope and looking primarily towards hunting blades, isn't on to something that is of great use to me as well, and I am pretty much a city-guy (because, I am telling you, I was not going to re-sharpen my knives in the middle of packing my stuff - after a while I wouldn't have known where my Sharpmaker or my waterstones where, anyways. Thank godness, I have a few knives

). You know, I was tired, I was exhausted, I was working in the attic at 100 F (no joke), and simply didn't care whether my knifes were shaving or not, as long as I didn't have to struggle through those cardboard boxes and the packing tape. Gave me a whole new perspective on what a working knife edge should be able to do. Sure for my japanese kitchen knives I will always use highly polished edges that are lovingly cared for and I think everybody should try some threadcutting just to see what is possible, but I think I will approach my working (pocket) knives a bit differently and my interest in the high carbidevolume steels is newly kindled.
Sorry, and thanks for letting my ramble!
Again you and I are a lot alike, HoB, and a very enjoyable ramble. Sometimes I really like delving into theoretical stuff here on the forums, or really dissecting something to a degree that goes way beyond what's practical. And I've totally enjoyed the edge retention testing I've done, even though the big motivation has been mostly just so that I could be more objective about what I'm doing with knives I own and use, and hopefully learn a few things that would be useful, day-to-day. It's been months since I've push cut a piece of newsprint, cut sisal rope, or even taken a swipe at an arm hair. But all that testing and resharpening I was doing for a while certainly seems to have had a lasting impact on my sharpening skills, with no need to keep checking it all the time now.
Ironically when I mentioned cutting (nylon) reinforced hose earlier, it was in my mind to specifically not mention cutting anything with glass fiber reinforcement, like that !@$%&*! packing tape you mention. Haven't encountered much of that lately, but I remember back when I carried a VG-10 Caly Jr. how fast that stuff would do in a fresh edge.
Can't wait to read your experiences with ZDP-189 and SG-2 when you get a chance to try them. SG-2 seems to sharpen easier than ZDP-189 at the Brogan household, but both take and hold a polished edge with ease.
OK, so now you guys have me rethinking some of this. Been thinking about one of the Spyderco offerings in ZDP-189, but what I've read about SGPS sounds like maybe it's even a bit better. Not such a bad dilemma to have, I guess.
