It works just like a solid pin does. You deform the solid pin when peening, you deform a mosaic when peening. You clean up the bolster from peening by grinding with a solid pin, you clean up the mosaic pin and bolster by grinding. When done and clean the mosaic pin face is still a half a hair to a hair larger than the original stock, just like a solid pin. Remember the holes are tapered, the pin has to fill the hole by deforming.
Folks - I had a chance to day to try Horsewright's approach to peening mosaic pins. Used a 3/4" thick piece of walnut (NOT a real knife!), and 1/8" diameter pin (stainless) (and corresponding hole in wood), with hole slightly reamed out on both sides. Mixed results. One side seemed to peen ok:
the other .... well not so good:
Obviously, the second side was sticking out further than the first side (a product of movement during peening, not intentional), but still a good chunk of the bend occurred inside the wood, damaging the hole itself ... but clearly the structure of the pin was damaged internally. the internal "look" of the first side looked good. A couple observations: compared to brass pins, these were hard to get deformed - possibly brass mosaic pins would work better for peening??? A guess it that to get this to work, you would need to place the pins, grind down to a very short exposed length (0.05" or 1 mm or so???), and then be very gentle in the peening, expecting less broadening than you might expect in brass?
(aside: after seeing this, I decided to just glue a mosaic pin in to place on a blade I am working on. fit was really tight ... so I had to "tap" it through the hole with a hammer. Once I verified I could get it through the hole, tried to remove by hand (would not budge), then tried pliers (still would not budge!!!). Well darn. I was left trying what I posit above: ground down to very low protrusion, then peened both sides (very gently - the hole had not been tapered). At the least - the pin is so firmly jammed in there that it will not move. Hopefully, the peening worked just a little bit - enough to keep it in place. If somewhere down the line it moves ... well I will figure out how to remove it at that time

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