Cliff Stamp made a huge amount of controlled cutting, with properly randomized samples (something few other testers ever do, as far as I can tell), and found no significant difference between M390, VG-10, CPM M4, and he even found a statistically
negligible difference between all those and a $1 knife in Chinese 420J(!). "Scatter" in the results was such that inevitably the 420 edged ahead on some cutting runs...
I seriously doubt all the claims of spectacular perceptible difference among steels
while cutting (
but I do believe it when you sharpen them of course)... I tested a $100 knife by United Cutlery (and I also got the same result with the same type of 420J steel by Chinese Master Cutlery: both 0.3-0.4% carbon), and this outperformed all my Randalls in 440B (and everything else I ever tried) by a pretty wide margin (about 2:1)... I don't claim accurate results, or that 420J is twice as good as the best 440B or C, but it certainly made me revise my view of Asian low-end 420J, since that
apparently "superior" performance was achieved with a
hugely easier to sharpen steel, compared to the viciously difficult to break off wire edge of 440C: While I don't believe you can tell the difference during cutting,
the difference between 440C and 420J while SHARPENING is like hell and heaven.
The only way to know for sure if the performance difference
during cutting is detectable is to be subjected to a true blind test... It would be quite complicated to set up, and I'll bet few would be happy with the results when it transpires everyone rated 420J as the top dog super steel (a more likely outcome than you might think).
What could easily happen is that 420J retains its initial fine edge longer, but then deteriorates WAY further than other steels at the back end of the test: That kind of extended test would be meaningless to me, because I would always keep a knife at 90% of its maximum sharpness, and would not care at all if a steel can last
ten times longer at 70% or even 80% of its sharpness, since above 90% is the only relevant sharpness value to me, and it is within that 90% that the 420J might last longer than the others.
Gaston