I don't have my notes in front of me, but going from memory:
Unlike most of the steel I work with, 4150 does not come from the mill in a good microstructure suitable for austenitization. You could harden it, but it wouldn't be very good. So, it will be annealed from 1625 and air cooled which will dissolve a lot of the gunk and form a fine pearlite, then normalized from soaking at something like 1400 and 1200 to be somewhat sheroidized and finer grained, then machined, then austenitized at 1525 (I think, my notes aren't in front of me) and quenched in an 11 second quench oil and tempered at 400 twice for a target hardness of HRC 53. After that I'll type a prodigious run on sentence, then they will be tumbled.
This is hard for a hammer, but I believe part of the reasoning is an improved rebound compared to a softer hammer. That value came from Tai and his considerable experience with forging. I'm just a button monkey. You can always draw it back if you plan on bludgeoning your anvil, but it is a lot harder to add more carbon...
The relatively high hardness is the reason behind 4150 rather than the much more common (and less expensive and easier to machine) 4140. If ya'll decide you want a soft hammer my lathe and I would appreciate it. But I'm inclined to go with Tai on this one.