Knife after sanded progression: 60, 100, 220, 400, 800, 1500 and white compound. Pictures after 1st application of tung oil.
Heat-treatment, reasons for sub-zero (temperature -70 to -85C via dry ice) and cryogenic (temp below -180C via liquid nitrogen):
First of all, I'm new at this so knife makers and metallurgists please feel free to correct & educate readers...
Steel get heated until it reaches critical temperature where carbon free from iron crystal structure (bcc). In Austenite state (soft) - carbon distributed among elements/solution. Rapid cooling will trigger shear crystalline structure (martensite transformation). Depend on type of steel & alloying, the majority % of austenite are transform into martensite structure at room temperature.
Typically martensite transformation starts (Ms) around 200C and 100% finish (Mf) any where between 65C to -150C. The un-transform austenite (calls retained austenite, RA) are dangling, which need to convert to martensite quick. Sub-zero or cryo at this stage will finish the martensitic transformation. At this point, martensite steel structure are in high stress and some weak/stress crystalline structure. Tempering will soften, hence reduce stress and convert weak crystalline into stronger form. Tempering also convert some RA into martensite too. But now, the steel has new weak/stress structure, therefore necessitate 2nd and or 3rd tempering.
For some steel (such as 52100), with time RA can stabilize into permanent structure, which no longer convertible to martensite. Which is why it's a time critical for step between quench and sub-zero or cryo and tempering.
According some research publication, cryo does more than just convert RA into martensite. Well, until I can get some LN2 to play with, I am not joy jumping for precipitate carbides and crystal packing yet...